Critical Analysis of Edwin Arlington Robsin - 1440 Words

Her Kisses Were the Keys to Paradise Kaitlyn Cornell In Edwin Arlington Robinsons poetry, haunted houses sound like hanunted houses, dark hills sound like dark hills, but to Robinson it goes beyond that. By the metaphors, images, and emotion he puts into his writing, it is clear that he is feeling something beyond the paper and ink. Many of his works are dark and melancholy and reflect something that may have happened in his own life. There is a reoccuring theme that symbolizes his wife or significant other walking out on him. Other poems reflect his feelings about that situation. Robinson shares with his readers the anguish and recovery of the woman leaving him. .Perhaps Robinsons most famous poem, Richard Cory, tells the story of a†¦show more content†¦There she was always coming pretty soon/ To fool him back, with penitent scared eyes is Robinsons wife coming back in his dreams. The way he descroibes her as the laughter of the moon and her kisses her the keys the Paradise shows how much he loves her. He ment ions Faithful or not, he loved her all the same which acknowledges that she has a flaw, but he still is in awe around her. Also, he mentions her eyes once again which relates to Her Eyes. Robinson uses this poem to reflect on that lonely night she fled and expresses just how much he cares for her even after she left. Similarly, Another Dark Lady uses Robinson as the speaker and he again says that she fled. He says I cannot hate you, for I loved you then which ties his feelings back to The Story of the Ashes and the Flame. Robinson expresses that she is still beautiful even after what she has done to him and he still loves her when she is gone. In The House on the Hill Robinson portrays his relationship with his wife through a house. The House is shut and still, there is nothing more to say creates an image of an old boarded up house which symbolizes their relationship. Why is it then we stray/Around the sunken sill? is Robinson saying that it is time to let go and there is no use s taying in the lifeless situation. Robinson, as the speaker, uses they as themselves when he says They are all gone away in the sense that

A Comprehensive Review Of The Civil Liberty Debate On...

A Comprehensive Review of the Civil Liberty Debate on Abortion Of all the issues plaguing the United States, currently and in the past, abortion rights have been one of the most passionately debated civil liberty issues. Edward Sidlow and Beth Henschen define civil liberties as â€Å"Individual rights protected by the Constitution against the powers of the government†(72). Some argue that women should be protected from the powers of government in terms of reproductive rights while others argue that it is the duty of the government to protect the lives of everyone, including fetuses. This is such an important issue for Americans that it often dictates who a person votes for in elections; Republicans are most often pro-life and Democrats are†¦show more content†¦The issue of abortion was debated amongst the American public but was not successfully addressed by the Supreme Court until the 1973 case, Roe v. Wade. In this landmark case, it was decided that the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment protects the right to priva cy, which includes a woman s right to terminate her pregnancy. The case of Griswold v. Connecticut and the case of Roe v. Wade go hand in hand to guarantee women the right to privacy and therefore, the right to have an abortion. Further, pro-choice activists argue that not allowing a woman to control her own body violates her right to equal treatment under the law. In the 2007 Supreme Court case of Gonzales v. Carhart, Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg dissented, â€Å"†¦Un ­due restrictions on abortion procedures†¦infringe upon a woman s autonomy to determine her life s course, and thus to enjoy equal citizenship stature†. Justice Ginsburg claimed that women should be free from state-imposed roles, meaning that some women know that they are not made to be mothers and denying those women an abortion denies them equal citizenship stature, seeing as men are not forced to become fathers. Many people believe that a baby should not come into the world unwanted; they argue th at denying women abortions may sometimes lead to certain unwanted outcomes. The Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment backed this claim, they wrote,Show MoreRelatedFaithful Citizenship10006 Words   |  41 Pagesface serious challenges that are clearly political and also profoundly moral. 2. We are a nation founded on â€Å"life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness,† but the right to life itself is not fully protected, especially for unborn children, the most vulnerable members of the American family. We are called to be peacemakers in a nation at war. We are a country pledged to pursue â€Å"liberty and justice for all,† but we are too often divided across lines of race, ethnicity, and economic inequality. We areRead MoreArticle II: Declaration of Principles and State Policies16349 Words   |  66 Pagesholding, transmission, and interchange of property, and the determination its liabilities for debt or for crime 4. The determination of contract rights between individuals. 5. The definition and punishment of crime. 6. The administration of justice in civil cases. 7. The determination of the political duties, privileges, and relations of citizens 8. Dealings of the state with foreign powers: the preservation of the state from external danger or encroachment and the advancement of its international interestRead More The Fatherhood Movement Essay5325 Words   |  22 Pagesagree with the goals of these three. There are organizations that focus on highly specific issues like domestic violence against men, or false domestic and sexual abuse charges. Certain groups, like Veto4Fathers, support a mans right to veto an abortion, while organizations like Choice for Men aims to allow fathers a legal right to quot;abortquot; their responsibilities for unwanted children. There are also highly reactionary groups like Fathers Manifest, which aims to ban public education andRead MoreSources of Ethics20199 Words   |  81 Pagesvariety of scenarios and controlling for several important background factors. Teaching business ethics In contrast to the relatively consistent findings on the role of religiosity in predicting ethical attitudes, there still exists considerable debate as to whether teaching business ethics to undergraduates can change ethical attitudes. From a theoretical perspective, Kohlberg’s (1981) â€Å"stage theory† presents a dynamic view of the moral development process. Implicit in this model is a potentialRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesdevelopment, and the ways in which slums and shanty towns have morphed into long-term homes and viable communities for perhaps a majority of urban dwellers worldwide in the last half of the twentieth century. Broadly conceived and remarkably comprehensive, Bonnie Smith’s essay provides an overview of the gendering of political and social transformations over the course of the twentieth century. Attentive to differences across cultures and regions and under varying political regimes, Smith chroniclesRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesand Stress Management 577 Appendix A Research in Organizational Behavior Comprehensive Cases Indexes Glindex 637 663 616 623 Contents Preface xxii 1 1 Introduction What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Importance of Interpersonal Skills 4 What Managers Do 5 Management Functions 6 †¢ Management Roles 6 †¢ Management Skills 8 †¢ Effective versus Successful Managerial Activities 8 †¢ A Review of the Manager’s Job 9 Enter Organizational Behavior 10 Complementing IntuitionRead MoreBhopal Gas Disaster84210 Words   |  337 Pagescompilation of selected news stories covering the last four years is a small effort to highlight this campaign as reported by the mainstream media. For an in-depth understanding of the issues see www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/indepth/term/2542. A comprehensive collection of these up-to-date news clippings, research papers, lab studies, reports, documents, opinions and court judgments etc have now been made available by the Centre for Science and Environment at www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/taxonomy/term/2544Read MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesPrinciples of Management, Human Resources, Strate gy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus IndianapolisRead MoreIgbo Dictionary129408 Words   |  518 Pagesdiffer in important ways from the present document, the following notes are to assist the reader. Michael J. Echeruo 1997. Igbo-English Dictionary. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. 1. Includes an English-Igbo finderlist 2. Aims to be comprehensive (the Igbo-English section is pages 3-175) and does not identify with a specific dialect although locations are occasionally marked after particular lexical entries. 3. Marks the subdotted vowels with a diaeresis, thus á » ¥ appears as à ¼. 4. Marks tone

Macro & Micro Environment of Karma Hotel-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Analyse the Macro and Micro Environment of your chosen Hotel. Answer: Introduction Karma hotel is one of the medium range hotels in Sydney and middle-class people generally love to visit there for their professionalism and their development day after day. The Karma Company has expanded their business in different places and trying to maintain their good reputation in Australia. They have earned a good amount of revenue from hotel sector. Karma has 250 air-conditioned rooms and all the rooms are filled with separate bathrooms. There is separate lobby lounge and a pub bar is also available on the rooftop so a pleasant environment is waiting for their customers (Aissa Goaied, 2016). The hotel is located at the Bondi beach in Sydney and the entire hotel is surrounded by the flower garden so it makes a world-class attraction for tourists. In this report, macro and microenvironment analysis of the hotels is presented. Dealing with that process PEST analysis, Porters Five Forces and Value Chain models would be used and these will justify the mission, objectives and strat egic approach of the company. The recommendations also develop the final approach of the analysis and provide a strategic dimension to ensure overarching. Macro and Micro Environmental Analysis PEST In case of PEST, possible Political, Economic, Social and Technological factors are the important aspects for an organization. This is the best way to analyze the environmental situation and the required possible steps in terms of setting a new strategy. Political Australia is a democratic country and they have a good base of business development. Their government is assisting enough to establish a small and medium business at level. So they give all sorts of low-interest loans, grants money and provide tax and tariff concessions (Asbfeo.gov.au, 2018). The government is also taking care of import and export facilities and employing people and deliver marketing ideas and sales innovations so that business can sustain (Galliers Leidner, 2014). The government also prevents the imposition of Royal commission in small business and that somehow helps small businesses. Economic The economic development is fast and it is also encouraging new business opportunities to develop the business at its level. Especially in case of export ventures business obligation and traditional values are important (Asbfeo.gov.au, 2018). Capital accumulation and use this capital for the development of business resources and supply chain is the most important section. Increase in working capital and small business export facilities also encourage the economic development of the country (Nieves Segarra-Ciprs, 2015). Social The place where the hotel is the situation is the best place for people. The essence of multi-culture realism and experience a high level of accommodation facility is the important factor of this social distribution. Foreign people also love that place as the location of the hotel and the comparatively low rate of hotel fare is the main competence of this hotel (Gannon, Roper Doherty, 2015). Australian people understand their capacity of expenditure and thus this kind of hotel has made an impact over them and socially acclaimed a much. Technological Technological advancement is the most important phase of the hotel. Innovation and technological development is the key factor for pulling a large number of people towards them (Turner et al., 2017). In that scenario, fast and advanced development is the key factors that considered the improvement and providing better infrastructure for the hotel to enhance their condition through innovation. Australia has invested a lot of money in research and development and for that reason, they expected some good outcome from their associates. Table 1: PEST Analysis (Source: Gupta, 2013) Porters Five Forces The next theoretical strategy is Porter's five forces and this tool is used for the external competitive situation analysis and also states the market position and the development of the company. Bargaining power of Suppliers, Bargaining power of Buyers, Threats for new entrants, Substitutes and Competitive Rivalry are the main aspect to understand the situation. Bargaining Power of Suppliers Suppliers are the concern criteria for the hotel business. Resources are essential in that scenario and most of the resources are coming from the international market. The balance situation in the domestic and international market for the sake of resources is the key factor of supplying scenario (Elbanna, 2016). Majority of the supplying products are depending on the quality, if this is not maintained in that situation then resources can be substitutable. Thus, the Low power of supplier has noticed in that scenario. Bargaining Power of Buyers Bondi beach is one of the attractions for people and they love the place for its innate beauty. So the demand curve is always high in that factor. Another fact is very important in that segment is the low-cost rooms and accommodation facility with every other amenities. A hotel must change the dimension of their people choice and understanding of living style. Quality of the hotel is good though they hotel considered as middle-class hotel and according to that price has been set. Thus, a good demand sustained in that scenario (Ivanova, Ivano Magnini, 2016). Threat of New Entrants There are low entrants available in Bondi beach. The section of beach is quite costly, so there is less chance for small and medium quality hotel to establish their business over the section. In case of a big hotel, competition is not acceptable in that situation (Abrate Viglia, 2016). Price range is altogether different from a medium hotel. At the price, Karma delivers their rooms are quite impossible for big hotels to do so, due to their status and reputation. Threat of Substitutes High chances of substitution threat are there. In most of the cases, quality and service can be replaceable (Brotherton, 2012). In that scenario, other hotels take that same resources and mould their infrastructure according to this hotel and provide a solid threat to them. This is the major uncertainty of this section. Competitive Rivalry Competition, rivalry, and domination are the most common and related part of this industry. High level of competition in terms of resources, product and quality is an issue and majority of the hotel cost at this level are similar (Chernev Blair, 2015). This is the most challenging aspect for hotel management to gain trust from customers and deliver that amount of quality assurance to them, that customer love to come back. Table 2: Porters Five Forces (Source: Dobbs, 2014) Value chain analysis The value chain analysis considers the basic competitive advantage and value of resources in which advantages can get for the organization. This is a directive way in which organizational steps and creations are evolved through the innovative business mind and provide the best business advantages for the sustainable condition (Asbfeo.gov.au, 2018). The place, price, quality, and production are important for maintaining the value chain. In case of place, Bondi beach is very attractive and it contains such good amount of natural beauty that attracts people a lot. On the other hand, Karma is not a high-class hotel in terms of hotel fare. So people have to invest less amount of money in that segment. The quality is not an issue for Karma, they deliver quality food and brought from the good resources, so according to the price range they deliver good quality food and people love to have those (Gupta, 2013). Competitive advantage is persisted in that section but the innovative way of using the resources is the main attraction for this kind of hotel. At last, in case of value gradation, production enhancement and establishment of production is the most important factor (Dobbs, 2014). There are some influencing factors and these factors are influencing business issue and scenarios that provide competitive advantages to the hotel and deliver a secure place for Karma to do their business in an ethical way. Strategic Mission, Vision, and Ethics Vision The vision of the Karma hotel is to provide better quality in terms of services so that customers get satisfied with their service and happy to get back at their hotel. On the other hand, for the first year business plan, they have stated some additional discount for selected customers and promote their business at its highest end. Bondi beach is a well-known place of Australia if beach expanded then business will extend a bit, other than this medium range business will sustain. Mission The mission of Karma is to operate specific business scopes and purposes for the development of the business. There are some alternative resources and allocate proper decision to get the mission. Making guests happy and choosing Karma for every time is the prime mission of the hotel. Management has to look about the promotional activity, so that impact over customers and guests will sustain. Business Ethics For ethical business representation, Karma has to take care of Corporate Social Responsibility. This is a good way to understand people mindset and hen showcase companys service as per the need of customers (Walker, 2012). There are some investments; some focusing factors like stakeholders, environment, community, and finance and market stability are also influence this kind of situation and that help to reach a large number of people and company develop through this process. Overarching strategies and business directions Through the mission and vision of the company all the affecting factors that include all the operational measure like stakeholders initiation, logistic, production development all this are important and relevant for getting a competitive advantage (Hilson, 2012). Karma has lack of capability in terms of the price war with competitors and they are choosing the blue ocean strategy to develop the niche market of their production. The first operation is their resources and that is the reason they have organized all the possible resource factors (Smith, Ong, 2015). Then logistics is their concern and through the emerging market and the operational strategy, CSR will also manage the customer understanding as well. Hotel benefit and use of local citizenship always fruitful for the company and that engrossed through the operation process. Recommendations The basic recommendation factor changes the possible way of business re-infrastructure that will be more presentable as per the need of sustainable business condition. The same situation happens in this scenario where the innovative assumption and technological implementation will be the key recommendations for business. Innovation like e-booking of hotel rooms, payment facilities like the introduction of wallet and sensor door locks system all these are an important recommendation for their development (Michelini Fiorentino, 2012). CSR must work on the domestic and international level and expand their business operation internally and externally so that economic factors will operate as the main agenda. Promotion is another aspect that can spread the dimension of the business at its level best and through the promotional system lots of other stakeholders, partners will come to take this business away from its territory. Conclusion Therefore, from the above findings, it can be concluded that macro and the microenvironmental process of business strategy formulation that justifies the requirement of business and provides the extended limitation of small and medium business is the key process of operation. CSR, investment, logistic, stakeholders, innovative business styles and ethical consideration of business is important in that section that suggests possible takeover scenario that considers the best results for a better business extension. References Abrate, G., Viglia, G. (2016). Strategic and tactical price decisions in hotel revenue management.Tourism Management,55, 123-132. Aissa, S. B., Goaied, M. (2016). Determinants of Tunisian hotel profitability: The role of managerial efficiency.Tourism Management,52, 478-487. Asbfeo.gov.au (2018) Small business and Family enterprises retrieved from: https://www.asbfeo.gov.au/ [Accessed on 11th February 2018] Brotherton, B. (Ed.). (2012).International Hospitality Industry. Routledge. Chernev, A., Blair, S. (2015). Doing well by doing good: The benevolent halo of corporate social responsibility.Journal of Consumer Research,41(6), 1412-1425. Dobbs, M. (2014). Guidelines for applying Porter's five forces framework: a set of industry analysis templates.Competitiveness Review,24(1), 32-45. Elbanna, S. (2016). Managers' autonomy, strategic control, organizational politics and strategic planning effectiveness: An empirical investigation into missing links in the hotel sector.Tourism Management,52, 210-220. Galliers, R. D., Leidner, D. E. (Eds.). (2014).Strategic information management: challenges and strategies in managing information systems. Routledge. Gannon, J. M., Roper, A., Doherty, L. (2015). Strategic human resource management: Insights from the international hotel industry.International Journal of Hospitality Management,47, 65-75. Gupta, A. (2013). Environmental and pest analysis: An approach to external business environment.Merit Research Journal of Art, Social Science and Humanities,1(2), 13-17. Hilson, G. (2012). Corporate Social Responsibility in the extractive industries: Experiences from developing countries.Resources Policy,37(2), 131-137. Ivanova, M., Ivanov, S., Magnini, V. P. (Eds.). (2016).The Routledge handbook of hotel chain management. Routledge. Michelini, L., Fiorentino, D. (2012). New business models for creating shared value.Social Responsibility Journal,8(4), 561-577. Nieves, J., Segarra-Ciprs, M. (2015). Management innovation in the hotel industry.Tourism Management,46, 51-58. Smith, R. A., Ong, J. L. T. (2015). Corporate social responsibility and the operationalization challenge for global tourism organizations.Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research,20(5), 487-499. Turner, M. J., Way, S. A., Hodari, D., Witteman, W. (2017). Hotel property performance: The role of strategic management accounting.International Journal of Hospitality Management,63, 33-43. Walker, D. (2012). Anxious nation: Australia and the rise of Asia 1850-1939.Anxious Nation: Australia and the rise of Asia 1850-1939, xv

Critical Appraisal

Question: Discuss about theCritical Appraisal. Answer: Introduction This critical appraisal will try to look at the literary importance of this novel that depicts womanhood in a far different for. It has tried to show the social context and made references to the fact that how a complete woman could balance her family with work. Thus the depiction of self is critical theme of this novel. This novel illustrates Eva and then moves onto the life of her children. Literary Analysis This story "Tell Me a Riddle" speaks in a plenty of voices which is similar to Olsens other stories. The main character of the novel Eva but there are several ways in which the writer has aroused reader sympathy for David who is the husband (Sullivan 2012). This is due to the writer showing the struggle that both these characters faced. This pattern is followed for other characters like their seven children whose life and struggles were illustrated thus giving them voice. This revealed greater insights about the childrens behavior and attitudes. This is achieved by the author by not just shifting of the dialogue but also with the help of perception shifting and depiction of the other persons interests and motive (Cramer 2006). Yet Eva has always been the main and central character throughout the progress of the story. This is depicted by her sacrifices for the children with no personal identity and voice that she had. This is clearly indicated in the desire of the main character to be alone and in memories of her early days in Russia. The character thus wanted to live in the world of her early days than of the days wherein she was consumed for the benefit of others (Cunningham and Murphy 2016) Looking at Davids journey it is shown as a story of recognition. When he realizes that Eva might now survive and as the death draws nearer, he clearly sees that Eva recognizes her life outside the life that he provided her. Her desires were mainly outside. Eva thus cannot be comprehended by her life partner too. She lived a repressed life devoid of desires that she cherished for herself. Eva was thus forced to live her life her way by leaving her love for learning and revolutionary past for her children. The novel also depicts that her sacrifices were not acknowledged but rather ignored and taken for granted. The irony is depicted when Vivi thanks Eva for these sacrifices, thus the role of motherhood is clearly depicted. Insight into Techniques of Novel Writing Olsen is a passionate writer. She always tries to give a hint of optimism. She gave this through the character Jeannie. This character is the youngest member of the family and hence with the agency. The youngest in the family provides complete dedication and care towards her mother Eva. This is hopeful writing by the author in the otherwise depiction of neglect for the sacrificing female. This is ironical since the earlier instances of the story depicts Jeannie having a scathing view on life. Thus she becomes the agent of change and bringing back dignity for her grandmother. Thus she felt awareness could bring change. Thus the understanding of these issues depicts her compassionate style (Goulet 2015) The authors style is also radical in a number of ways since she has touched the sensitive topic of individualism and feminism. There are more than one protagonists in the novel. The story has been told in a linear manner. In the beginning the tough phase in Eva and Davids life are hidden like their sons death and their early days in Russian civil war. The author also shows how knowing anyone completely is difficult and empathizing is even more difficult. Relevance of Themes and Issues The main theme of the novel is around feminism and the story of the limited role that a woman had during those days in the society. Eva faced a lot of hardships and sacrifices throughout her life in order to raise her children in the meantime she told her individualism. This indicates that Eva was not a submissive female, this was before she entered the American way of life. There are indications that she was radical in her approach she started her learning to read and write from a murderer. Evas hero is Anton Chekhow, this shows her regard for the weak and those who lack voice. This is also due to being raised in delicate times in Russia. Her likeness for such people depicts her preference for individualism (Nuessel and Stewart 2012) There are other indicative themes like the importance of women as both mothers and career oriented women. It also depicts whether relationships can be equal. Thus the title depicts whether the riddle can be solved. Olsens work thus depicts that there are no simple answers to such questions. Thus the theme of not wasting a human life full of talents and dreams to such sacrifices is depicted. Thus there are new forms of narrative. The character David shall thus never reconcile with Eva. There are other themes like the portrayal of self-dignity and the thought of individualism. Eva is thus a symbolism of the duties as a mother and her own desires to lead her life in a particular way. Conclusion Thus this novel is a path breaking literature depicting womanhood in a very different manner through the character Eva. The author has thus depicted the story in a running manner which makes it interesting. References Nuessel, F. and Stewart, A.V., 2012. A course on women and aging in literature: Rationale, recommendations, and resources.Educational Gerontology,28(2), pp.121-138. Cramer, P., 2006. Building a Tradition for Lesbian Feminist Literary Criticism: An Annotated Bibliography.Feminist Teacher, pp.20-22. Sullivan, S.M., 2012. Sisters of song: Tillie Olsen's Women. Goulet, C., 2015. Death of the tragic female writer: a conversation with Karen Connelly.Studies in Canadian Literature/tudes en littrature canadienne,20(2). Cunningham, D. and Murphy, P., 2016.Understanding Dark Networks: A Strategic Framework for the Use of Social Network Analysis. Rowman Littlefield.

The Oedipus complex Essay Example

The Oedipus complex Paper Psychoanalytical criticism, developed by Freud, is a way to interpret authors, and other artists work, making connections between the authors themselves and what they actually create. The Oedipus complex is a psychoanalytical theory where a child has the unconscious desire for the exclusive love of the parent of the opposite sex. The desire includes jealousy towards the parent of the same sex and the unconscious wish for that parents death. It usually occurs between the ages of three to five and is a normal developmental process of human psychological growth. The stage is usually ended when the child identifies with the parent of the same sex and represses its sexual instincts. Freud believed that all people experienced the Oedipus complex but many researchers in psychoanalysis believe it develops as a result of a persons environment and does not occur in everyone. Freud believed the complex could stay in the unconscious mind and affect the person in adult life.? Within Hamlet the Oedipus complex can be applied to Hamlets character. Hamlet still isnt over his fathers death, and the appearance of the ghost of his father at the start of the play fuels his anger to take revenge, but he delays killing Claudius throughout the play. This is because unconsciously he admires Claudius, because he has fulfilled Hamlets own unconscious wishes of killing his father and marrying his mother, a father killd, a mother staind, which is exactly the position Hamlet would like to be in. The Oedipus complex can appear to be reflected in Hamlets behaviour in Act III Scene IV. We will write a custom essay sample on The Oedipus complex specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Oedipus complex specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Oedipus complex specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer From the start of the scene Hamlet is talking to his mother with anger and resentment. He is disgusted with her for marrying her dead brothers wife; You are the Queen, your husbands brothers wife (III, IV, 14). This is because unconsciously he feels he should be in Claudius position, of being King of Denmark, and being married to Gertrude. Things start getting very heated between Hamlet and Gertrude and he shows his disapproval of their relationship; In the rank sweat of an enseamed bed, Stewd in corruption, honeying and making love Over the nasty sty! (III, IV, 92-94). At this point Hamlet sees the ghost of his dead father appear before him to remind him of what his purpose is, which distracts him and interrupts their heated conversation. The ghost appearing at this particular moment could be seen as Hamlets unconscious creating the image of his father to stop something happening with his mother. Hamlet then warns his mother But go not to mine Uncles bed (III, IV, 161) because he doesnt want her sleeping with Claudius, or being close to him because he wants her for himself. Act III Scene iv is a crucial part of the play for a director when deciding whether to interpret the play with the Oedipus complex in mind or not, because there is so much dialogue interaction between Hamlet and his mother, more so than other scenes in the play and because it is easy to identify the Oedipus complex in this scene. Looking at this scene especially, in different film versions different directors have interpreted it in different ways. In Zefirellis 1990 film version, Act III Scene IV has been performed with strong reference to the Oedipus complex in mind.? Oliviers 1948 production is performed with only a slight reference to the Oedipus complex in the way the characters interact with each other.? In Brannaghs 1996 film version, there is no direct reference to the Oedipus complex in Act III Scene IV at all.? Freuds theory can be applied to the text as a whole as well as just Act III Scene IV. In Act I Scene ii this is the closest Hamlet gets to confronting Claudius about the marriage to his mother. He talks to himself about it straight after Claudius and the rest of the court have left She married -O most wicked speed! (I, II, 156) but it is still directed at Gertrude not Claudius because unconsciously he cant blame him. And throughout the whole play he never says anything about, or to Claudius, being incestuous for marrying his brothers wife. After Hamlet sees the ghost of his father and is told by it to take revenge for his murder, Hamlet pretends to be mad, unconsciously, to delay killing Claudius. The Oedipal complex explains why Ha mlet delays killing him and is unable to take direct action, through out the whole play. Claudius has coincidentally fulfilled Hamlets unconscious fantasies. After the Mousetrap play is performed and Hamlet knows for sure that Claudius is guilty of his fathers murder, he still doesnt take action, but chats with Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, O, the recorders. Let me see one. (III, II, 36). He doesnt realise he is doing this, and so wont think that Claudius will stop him from telling people and he does. He sends Hamlet to England. Before Hamlet pretends to be mad, he is deeply in love with Ophelia, I did love you once (III, I, 115). But when he is pretending to be mad he tells her bluntly that he no longer does, which hurts her so much that she kills herself! The desire for his mother is so much that he no longer cares about Ophelia. Surely if he realised what he was doing, he wouldnt have done it because he cares for her. But he doesnt realise and unknowingly plays a part in her death. When Hamlet finally does take action against Claudius in Act V Scene II (the final scene), it is only after Gertrude is dead that he is able to kill Claudius. This is because Claudius is no longer a projection of Hamlets unconscious mind so he now takes revenge for the murder of his father and his mother. When applying the Oedipus complex to Hamlets character, it can be a valid interpretation. The behaviour of Hamlet, and his actions through out the play, shows how the theory can be applied, as it is in film versions by Zeffirelli and Olivier. But there is actually little textual evidence to support the idea. The only way it can be applied is by looking at it as a deep Freudian interpretation. If taken at face value with out reading into it as much, it is difficult to see the theory applied in the text, although it can be seen if a director has chosen to interpret it this way. As Shakespeare wrote Hamlet, and it was being performed, in the seventeenth century, the Oedipus complex and Psychoanalysis would not have been applied, as it was only developed in the twentieth century by Freud. This means that at the time, it would not have been performed with the Oedipus complex in mind. In Elizabethan England It most likely would have been performed simply as a play to entertain the audience and would have been understood by them to be a revenge tragedy which were popular types of play at the time. Act III Scene IV is a major part of the play for a director when deciding whether to interpret the play with the Oedipus complex in mind or not. In Brannaghs film version, there is no evidence of the Oedipus complex being applied to the scene, or the play as a whole. With out applying the Oedipus complex, Act III Scene IV can be presented in different ways. From the start we know Hamlet is still not over his fathers death; Do not for ever with thy vailed lids Seek thy noble father in the dust. (I, II, 70-71). He has so much pent up anger and emotion from the death of his father and the hasty marriage between Gertrude and Claudius, he doesnt know what to do. Act III Scene IV can be presented as a point where Hamlet finally releases all his anger because Claudius has just shown his guilt from his reaction to the Mousetrap play. This leads to the confrontation with his mother, where he shows his dislike for their marriage, Mother, you have my father much offended (III, IV, 9), and where he warns her to stay away from Claudius But go not to my uncles bed (III, IV, 161). He is so angry he has no hesitation in killing the person behind the arras, especially as he thinks its the king. The play can be presented at face value, simply as a story of revenge as it would have done at the time it was written. I think the Oedipus complex is a valid interpretation of the text when psychoanalysed and can be performed well with the theory in mind, but it is a twentieth century interpretation. In the seventeenth century when it was performed, it would have been written to be performed as entertainment. The performers would of performed it to entertain the audience and the audience would of understood it as it was performed, not my looking into the text and looking for deeper meanings.

Dr. Reynolds Essays - Brian Welch, Converts To Christianity

Dr. Reynolds Essays - Brian Welch, Converts To Christianity Dr. Reynolds ENGL 105 September 1, 2016 The Struggle of Writing Ever since I was a little girl, and could hold a pencil, I was taught how to write. I started out writing by doing the tedious task of tracing the huge ABC letters on to the silly dotted lines. From then on it turned into hundreds of mindless sentences consisting of words like "cat", "mat", "at" and "sat". As I grew up from an innocent child to a wiser student the writing got harder. The mindless sentences turned into flowing paragraphs. As I went through my life as a student, the complicated syntax blossomed into beautifully coherent essays. As I look back the growth of my writing skills, I am really shocked. At a first glance it may not seem like I have changed a lot, but as I look through my past assignments, I have realized I've changed a lot as a writer. My writing is stronger, is easier to read, and more comprehensive. Not only have I noticed a difference in my writing, but I have also noticed that I also do a lot of weird things while writing essays.With the different techniqu es taught to me through the years, I realized I have picked up some good and bad habits that have affected my writing in many ways. The first thing I do is start off with my bad habit; procrastination. Whenever I write an essay, I always start it with the procrastination stage. This stage is my biggest enemy and best friend at the same time. It has helped me get through some tough essays. Procrastination helps me to forget about the essay completely and all the anxiety accompanies writing. I don't normally start my essays until two days before the due date. When I know I have an essay due the next day, I turn into the most OCD person on the planet. I start cleaning and doing chores that no normal person would like to do on their free time, but since I have an essay due, I think it is fun to clean the toilet, and reorganize my bookshelf 6 different times to avoid my assignment. The anxiety of writing causes me to believe that I need to make sure everything is spotless in order for me to write and stay focused on the task at hand. After I have cleaned up everything in the house, I will take a nap because I've ti red myself out from cleaning up all day. I figure that to write my best, I need to take a quick nap to reenergize my brain. So I can awake to having a fresh and clear mind. However, the quick little nap usually ends up being 4-hour long waste of time. To make matters worse, when I wake up I am starving. So then what do I have to do? I have to make myself some food because how can I work on an empty stomach. It's just not possible. I then go to my other best friend the refrigerator to make my favorite snack- apples and peanut butter. So after I have made my delicious snack, I finally sit down at my desk and start all the other homework just to prolong the process more. I think to myself that If I have all my homework done, then I won't have to worry about it while I am writing my essay and I will have a clear head. After I have finished eating, sleeping, and doing anything in my power to stall myself from my essay, it's finally time to start the thing I have been dreading the most the essay. When I finally start, It's usually around ten at night. I will sit at my spotless desk and begin to write indiscriminant thoughts down. I don't necessarily think this is a bad habit of mine; however, I just think it prolongs the process of writing because I have already procrastinated for so long. I think over time I need to figure out a faster and easier way to start my paper, so that the process is more organized and quick. As I begin to write, I will open the window

Philosophy Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Philosophy Questions - Essay Example In giving a â€Å"religious† response to this argument, Kant would state that it is God’s intention to preserve life, and as our lives are the property of God, it is a rebellion against our duty towards Him to take our own life. When we alter the course of a river we are not going against the intention of God, however, when we take our own life, it is, in essence, rebellion as we throw away our life. In my opinion this response is quite good as if my life the property of God, it goes to show that God has given it to me as a â€Å"trust† and I am to take care of it until the Owner deems fit. It would not be fitting for a trustee to take over the trust that has been handed over to him, as in essence it does not belong to him, but he is merely a caretaker of the property so given in trust. When a person thinks of his own life as not belonging to him, and realizes that his position is that of a caretaker, it follows that he will take care not to damage it in anyway or destroy it altogether. I am not in the position to destroy my life because it belongs to God and my duty towards Him is to take care of his property in the best possible way. (2) On p. 311, Brandt asks, "Is there any sound argument†¦ to establish that there is (or is not) some moral obligation to avoid suicide as such...?" What is the argument that he considers? What other argument, not considered by Brandt, might one give to support the claim that there is? Brandt states that normally suicide is committed under a fit of depression or anger, and for it to have a negative moral implication results in such people thinking long and hard about taking their own life. He states that normally a person who commits suicide does not serve anyone’s welfare by doing so; however, sometimes it is in the best interest of everybody concerned for the person to take his own life. Therefore, there is a moral obligation to instill the immorality of suicide into the minds of people, as mostly people who are

Evaluate the recent performance of the uk economy Essay

Evaluate the recent performance of the uk economy - Essay Example Currently, the GDP of France is at $2,734.95 billion, a rise from 2,611.22 the previous year (Trading Economics 2015). The rate of inflation in the U.K. was at -0.10 percent during the first quarter of 2015. Between 1989 and 2015, it has averaged 2.72 percent, reaching highest at 8.5 percent in 1991 and lowest at –0.10 percent in 2015. In the United States, the inflation rate witnessed during the first quarter of 2015 was -0.2 percent. For France, the country witnessed at the inflation rate of 0.1 percent in the first quarter of 2015 (Trading Economics 2015). During the first three months of 2015, the level of unemployment in the U.K. has gone down to 5.50 percent from 5.60 percent the previous year. The between 1971 and 2015, the level of unemployment averaged 7.24 percent, with highest at 12 percent in 1984 and lowest at 3.40 percent in 1973. In the United States, the rate of unemployment was at 5.50 percent during the first quarter of 2015. The average rate of unemployment in the U.S. has averaged 5.83 percent between 1982 and 2015, with highest levels at 10.8 percent in 1982 and lowest at 2.5 percent in 1953. In the case of France, the rate of unemployment went down to 10 percent during the first three months of 2015 from 10.40 percent in last quarter of 2014. The average rate of unemployment between 1996 and 2015 has averaged 9.20 percent, with highest levels at 10.80 percent in 1997 and lowest at 7.20 percent in 2008 (Trading Economics 2015). With regard to the government budget, United Kingdom has a government budget deficit, which is representative of 5.70 percent of the country’s GDP. In the United States, government budget deficit accounts for 2.80 percent of the country’s GDP. In the case of France, the budget deficit represents about 4 percent of the country’s GDP (Trading Economics 2015). To determine income distribution, the GNI index is appropriate as it reveals the extent

Policy brief on New York State Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Policy brief on New York State - Research Paper Example Comparing the sin tax levy imposed on our state is significantly similar as the one levied on other states. 2. A sales tax is a tax levied on the sale or lease of goods and services and it is imposed at retail level only. Food tax on the other hand can be defined as the tax imposed on the use of food and its ingredients which are meant for human consumption. Similarly soda tax is a tax levied on soft drinks. There is a significant relationship between these taxes as all of them are aimed at reducing obesity which is in the rise in the state and also the medical cost that come with obesity. Therefore, as a way of curbing obesity and other health related problems these taxes are imposed. 3. Considering the adverse effects of alcohol and cigarette smoking in my New York over a period of time, the number of people who are indulging in these risky activities, which affects their health, have been increasing day by day. Comparing it to other states and also the nation it is posing to be a challenge because the number of people engaging in such activities is increasing among the youths. 4. There is a weak negative correlation of -0.061 between the overall tax and the outcomes at the state level implying that as the tax levied is increased the response towards the use of those products reduces. Similarly the correlation of taxes at different regions indicate a positive correlation implying that both the taxes imposed and the outcomes move in the same direction 5. The demand for tobacco, soda and beer are not affected by either an increase or decrease in the price and therefore this implies that people will continue to indulge in consuming these products even after imposing a ‘sin’ tax. This will affect my recommendation since we need to find a way of curbing their use as they are a health threat. My recommendation is mainly based on the budgetary and public health impact

Family Meals More Than Just at Home

Family Meals More Than Just at Home In todays society families are busier than ever before. Many families consist of both parents working outside the home to make ends meet, and increasingly, many children are being raised in a single-parent and blended or binuclear homes. Some statistics claim that 75% of all children will spend some time within a single-parent household. When something has to give to meet the demands of raising a family, one of the first things to go seems to be family meals. How many families continue to eat meals together on a regular daily basis? And, does not eating meals together as a family impact family relationship and to what extent? Research on this subject is overwhelming and seems to prove that the lack of family mealtime not only impacts the family, but society as well. During a recent family dinner, a young female acquaintance was amazed to find that there was no special occasion that brought the family to the dinner table, that it was a nightly affair. To the family it was just an ordinary meal of pot roast, nothing special, but to her, it was a feast. In questioning her as to her family traditions and meals, it was amazing to learn that her family never ate meals together. Their meals consisted of pre-packaged or frozen foods and they ate whenever they were hungry and wherever they happened to be. They ate in the living room while watching TV or in their bedroom, but generally they ate alone. That was the normal routine for her family. It is no wonder that families today are facing problems with obesity, eating disorders, drug abuse, students with low scholastic achievement, and battle depression. Statistics show that Children who frequently eat meals with their families tend to do better in school, consumed higher amounts of important nutrients such as calcium, fiber, iron, vitamins B6 and B12, C and E and consumed less overall fat, compared to families who never or only sometimes eat meals together (Meals Matter, 2008). Studies show that the more a family eats together the less likely the children are to drink, smoke, do drugs, have eating disorders, get depressed and have suicidal tendencies. Families who eat together regularly have children who do better in school, delay having sex, eat healthier, have better table manners, and a larger vocabulary. This confirms that it isnt just about eating food, but rather the interaction and caring between families. A ten year study at Columbia University by the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse (CASA) found that the older kids are, the more they need time together with their family, but they are less likely to get it. The study shows that 12-year-olds claimed they had dinner seven nights a week, but only a quarter of 17-year-olds did (Time). This same study found that the least educated parents ate meals together the most, while parents with diplomas or college degrees shared fewer meals together with their kids. Another interesting find was that more than half of Hispanic teens ate with a parent at least six times a week, in contrast to 40% of black teens and 39% of whites. Mealtime is where a family builds its culture and identity, family traditions and stories are passed down as well as humor being shared. Eating meals together encourages more communication within the family. Topics can be discussed, parents can see how their child interacts, what they are wearing, find out who their friends are and what they are interested in, as well as discuss current events and help qualm fears their child may have concerning school, friends, their future plans, and life in general. In other words, family interaction at mealtimes informs the parents as well as the kids what is happening within the family and the world that surrounds them. According to Science Daily, parents who have regular meals with their adolescent children might help lessen the chances they will start drinking or smoking later in their teen years. (ScienceDaily, 2008) The Division of Adolescent Health and Medicine at the University of Minnesota surveyed 806 Minnesota adolescents as to how often they ate meals with their family as well as their use of marijuana, cigarettes and alcohol and followed up with a second mail survey five years later. According to the follow-up survey, girls who ate regular family meals had significantly less substance abuse than girls who didnt have regular family meals. The surprising find in this survey was that boys showed no difference in substance abuse determined by the frequency or absence of family mealtime. In a study of 65 children that spanned 65 years, Harvard researchers looked at activities of children and how they contributed to healthy child development. They used things such as play, story time, family functions and other factors and the end result was that dinners were the most important attribute for better adjustment. (Marino Butkus, unknown) Researchers discovered a link between well-adjusted adolescents and the frequency of family meals, with no correlation to gender, age, or family type. A survey conducted in 1997 of 527 teens revealed that those who were best adjusted ate a meal with an adult family member at least 5 days a week, were less likely to do drugs or be depressed and were more motivated at school and had better relationships (Marino Butkus, unknown). Meanwhile, according to Child Trends Data Bank, in 2003, 42 percent of adolescents ate a meal with their family at least six days a week, while 27% ate a meal as a family four to five days a week, and 31% ate mea ls as a family less than three days a week. (Child Trends, 2007) In taking a survey of a sons friends (1 female, 5 males) the results revealed that a surprising number of them that did not eat regular family meals together (Zemke, Feb 10, 2010). One of these friends had a family dinner once a year, for Thanksgiving, while two ate together generally on Sundays. Two usually ate meals as a family each night, unless there was an outside activity that prevented it, such as the child working. There was only one student who ate meals together as a family daily. Each of these kids felt that their family mealtime was normal and those who did not eat together did not seem to mind, which a person can assume that is because it has become their normal routine and they know nothing different. This is an alarming trend considering the repercussions from families not spending quality time together, generally around the dinner table. But, there are solutions to this problem and ways to reverse this trend. Children model our behavior. If parents dont perceive something such as healthy eating and quality time with our children important, we shouldnt be surprised to find that it is not something that they will perceive as important. Family meals should be dynamic, nutritious, interesting, and a habit. There are many ways to ensure this: Keep meals simple Have everybody help with the cooking Sit down and slow down for mealtime Dont eat in the car Eat together as a family if going to a restaurant Avoid confrontations mealtimes shouldnt be the time to discipline your children Give praise and invite conversation with your children Tell family stories; build identity and culture within your family Dont answer the phone during mealtime Cook in bulk so you dont have to cook each day Ask children for meal suggestions to involve them Make time to eat together as a family Purchase ready-made sauces or marinade and add it to sautà ©ed chicken, beef or shrimp for a tasty main course. Order pizza and make a salad, then watch a movie or play games together as a family. The benefits of taking the time to gather the family for a meal will be a worthwhile investment in any family and enrich everyones lives. Another way to build a strong bond within a family if dinner isnt an option is to have breakfast together; this can give a good start to a childs day with a healthy breakfast. Research has proven that breakfast kick-starts your metabolism, helps you concentrate and perform better in school or at work. As stated earlier, todays families are busier than ever and this makes having quality time with your children even more important in todays society. There are multiple ways to maintain a healthy relationship with your children as well as your spouse. It makes no difference if dinner is with both parents or one, or even with extended family members, nor does it matter if it is dinner. The meal can be breakfast or lunch, whichever fits the families schedules the best. Having a family breakfast can be a wonderful start to a busy day. The main idea is to allot time for the family to communicate and form a strong bond. Eating together will improve childrens manners, provide intimacy as well as create a secure environment for teenagers. Eating meals together is important for a childs development and self-esteem outside of the home, gives the child confidence and teaches them how to behave with others. Eating together enables parents to see what their child is eating and if they finish their food, this may help ward off any upcoming eating disorders or other emotional problems the child may have. Families who eat together on a regular basis tend to eat healthier by eating more fruit, dark-green vegetables and drink less soft drinks. Children feel more positive about themselves and their family, they are less likely to smoke, use drugs or alcohol, or become depressed and more likely to do well in school and develop better relationships with their peers. Schools and community organizations should also be encouraged to make it easier for families to have shared mealtimes on a regular basis. Help organize events that would include the whole family being together. If meals are hard to pull together because of work, plan a family night for games, puzzles, read a story or watch a movie. Order pizza, or have a bowl of ice-cream, something that will bring the family together for even one-half hour will be beneficial. More importantly, remember that children mimic their parents, if the parents do not care enough to make time to be with their children for mealtime or any other time, then dont be surprised if the child seeks attention from someone or something else to fill that void in their life. A relaxed family meal is the perfect time to teach kids, not just about manners, but about personal and spiritual beliefs, values and lessons we want them to learn (Knight, 2002). It is a great time to give your child your undivided attention, which lets them know you care about how they feel, their concerns, passions, and who their friends are. Mealtimes can be a time to quell a childs fears about current events, make plans for family vacations, or what you plan on doing for the weekend. Lifestyles make it difficult but eating together as a family is important to begin from a young age and becomes particularly important for the physical and emotional health of teens. Even if you order pizza and eat off paper plates, the time spent together as a family will always be time well spent.

Revelation and Rebirth in Helena Viramontes The Moths Essay

Revelation and Rebirth in Helena Viramonte's The Moths  Ã‚      The famous phrase "looks may be deceiving" strongly pertains to Helena Viramontes's short story, "The Moths." The story, instead of focusing the creatures in the title, is actually about a young girl who comes of age as she is faced with the deterioration and death of her grandmother. Even though the title, "The Moths," seems to have no relevance at the beginning, these creatures help to portray a sense of spirituality, rebirth, and become, finally, an incarnation of the grandmother. The relationship between the moths and the main characters aids in conveying the main theme of the story, which is not simply the death of a loved one, but a spiritual and maturing experience undergone by the grandchild. The moths help illustrate a sense of spirituality in this short story. Abuelita, the grandmother, uses old remedies which stem from a religious/spiritual nature to cure physical illnesses such as scarlet fever and other infirmities. Her granddaughter is very disrespectful and doubtful of the medicines which her grandmother used, but they always work. The granddaughter tells us that "Abuelita made a balm out of dried moth wings . . . [to] shape my hands back to size" (Viramontes 1239). In this way the granddaughter begins to accept the spiritual belief and hope. The spirituality is not only present in the moth wing balm, but is also evident after the death of her grandmother. A sense of spirituality is apparent in the quote, "Then the moths came. Small gray ones that came from her soul and out through her mouth fluttering to light" (1242). This presents a religious parallel in which the light resembles heaven. These moths represent angels who are carrying Abuelit... ...esses the grandchild?s comfort when she is at her grandmother?s house (1239). Abuelita is her grandchild?s guardian angel or moth?she shows her the light. She cures her illnesses, instills values in her, and brings religion into her life. She is the reason that the grandchild undergoes such spiritual and emotional maturation. It is clearly apparent that "The Moths" is not only the title, but also an important piece of the story which embodies its central theme. The moths become the catalyst that gives identity to the grandmother and her granddaughter, bringing revelation, security, rebirth, and the desire to be reunited. The grandmother, in becoming a moth herself, leaves some of herself behind with her grandchild. Works Cited Viramontes, Helena. "The Moths." The Harper Anthology of Fiction. Ed. Sylvan Barnet. New York: HarperCollins, 1991. 1239- 1242.   

Liberty and Equality Essay

The principles of liberty and equality are what led America to be the great country it is today. Those terms would not be as meaningful if Thomas Jefferson, George Washington, Abraham Lincoln, and many other founders of our country did not embrace those ideas and adopt them from the Europeans. The strong belief in liberty and equality led this nation to adhere to those standards set by the great leaders above. Without liberty, equality, and those who fought for the pursuit of these ideals, life in America would not be the same. The great leaders who helped bring liberty and equality to America did not create these concepts; they were adopted from the European countries that were also fighting for equality and liberty. William Russell claims that the idea was not formed in America. He states, â€Å"The climate of America did not breed liberty, nor did its geography foster equality† (Russell 55). Even though the idea might not have come from Thomas Jefferson himself, he was stil l instrumental in the formation of American values and the implementation of democratic ideals in America. Jefferson strongly believed that every citizen deserved to be equal. He did not like the fact that some people had more rights than others, because this implied that not everyone in America was the same. Jefferson had the perfect opportunity to express his feeling and he did; when he helped draft the Declaration of Independence, Jefferson wanted to make sure that no group’s rights were limited. Jefferson also highlighted the importance of everyone’s ability to pursue their own ambitions, by stating that we all possess â€Å"unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness† (The Declaration 7). This statement has become iconic because of its message—anyone can and should be able to follow their dreams. This step was crucial in the formation of America’s democracy. Similarly, George Washington upheld the values of liberty and equality by citing views comparable to Jefferson’s. Washington strengthened his argument when he included the notion of God’s involvement in the success and the happiness of  the people in America. In his First Inaugural Address, he expresses to the people that the Almighty Being has the power and the will to heal all defected humans and to bring happiness to every human being in this country. Washington asks that God’s â€Å"Benediction may consecrate to the liberties and happiness of the people in the United States a government instituted by themselves for these essential purposes† (First Inauguration 44). Washington believed in the importance of God in guiding citizens toward a thriving government and nation, which he believed would lead to the happiness of the American people. He states the significance of sticking to rules placed by the Almighty, because the nation that follows the rules of Heaven will receive smiles. Like Washington, Abraham Lincoln also felt that God was an influential Almighty Being, who could help America meet its longtime goals of Liberty and Equality. Lincoln wanted everyone—from the slaves to the slave owners—to be in an equal nation under God. He expressed these thoughts in the â€Å"The Gettysburg Address.† In this speech, he explains that the current Civil War was being fought to preserve the idea of total equality, and to abolish the institution of slavery. Lincoln states that the nation under God â€Å"Shall have a new birth of freedom† (Gettysburg 93). The war’s purpose, to settle a longstanding dispute between the North and the South, evolved from Lincoln’s desire to rid the nation of slavery. Both Washington and Lincoln believed everyone—including African Americans, women, and any other marginalized group—had the right to freedom. Likewise, Henry David Thoreau’s essay â€Å"Civil Disobedience† exp resses his thoughts and feelings about laws set by the government. Thoreau explains the role of liberty and equality in America differently than Washington and Lincoln. He decides against using God as a persuasive tool. Instead, he encourages people to stand up to the government and disobey the laws they feel are denying justice to certain people. Thoreau believed that to fight a law in a â€Å"civil† way, you must â€Å"Cast your whole vote, not a stripe of paper merely, but your whole influence† (Civil Disobedience 9). He suggests that if one person expresses his or her idea of justice, more people may speak up and fight back. He believed this would lead to the government’s forced compliance with more just acts of liberty and equality. Martin Luther King Jr. took Thoreau’s ideas to heart. He very famously stood up to laws he believed were unjust during the Civil Rights movement. He fought a very long  time to bring a greater level of equality to Ameri ca, especially for African American people. King felt that liberty and equality had been denied too long for African Americans. He expresses that thought in a letter from his jail cell in Birmingham. King writes, â€Å"We have waited for more than 340 years for our constitutional and God given rights† (King Web). King’s frustration led him to believe that his best option was what Thoreau describes: civil disobedience. Ultimately, King’s pursuit of liberty and equality proved incredibly worthwhile; his acts of civil disobedience changed the landscape of American culture. Throughout history, America has had great leaders of all backgrounds and religions. This diversity has strengthened our desire and pursuit of equality and liberty for all. Each great leader, writer, and thinker has contributed to the molding of America as a democratic land. Each person encouraged others to contribute to their cause, resulting in a country where liberty and equality have truly become a group effort. Works Cited Jefferson, Thomas. â€Å"Declaration Of Independence.† The Declaration of Independence and Other Great Documents of American History, 1775-1865. Ed. John Grafton. Mineola, NY: Dover Publications, 2000. 5-9. Print. King, Martin L., Jr. â€Å"Letter from a Birmingham Jail [King, Jr.].† Letter. 16 Apr. 1963.Letter from a Birmingham Jail [King, Jr.]. University of Pennsylvania, n.d. Web. 31 Mar. 2014. . Lincoln, Abraham. â€Å"The Gettysburg Address.† 1863. The Declaration of Independence and Other Great Documents of American History, 1775-1865. Ed. John Grafton. Mineola, NY: Dover Publications, 2000. 92-93. Print. Thoreau, H. D. â€Å"Civil disobedience.† Civil disobedience, and other essays (pp. 1-18). New York: Dover Publications. Print. (Original work published 1849) Russell, William Fletcher. Liberty vs. Equality. New York: Macmillan, 1936. 54-55. Print. Washington, George. â€Å"George Washington: First Inauguration Address.† The Declaration of In dependence and Other Great Documents of American History, 1775-1865. Mineola, NY: Dover Publications, 2000. 43-46. Print.

Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack essays

Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack essays As a child, growing up in a Christian home, I was taught to believe that we are all created equal. We all descended from Adam and Eve after all, right? We are all members of the human race and have the same advantages or disadvantages, depending on our individual family and community situations, but certainly not depending on the color of our skin. My small town northern Wisconsin community, however, had no ethnic diversity when I was growing up. While I learned about other races in school, my sheltered and naive youth taught me nothing of the then present day, real world, injustices. I remember a couple of different occasions, while sitting around the supper table, my dad talking about his Air Force days and his comment that some of his best friends were colored. I often wondered about that comment. As I got older, and a little bit more worldly, I have come to realize that my dad was probably trying to impress upon his children that he was not prejudice and that we should not be prejudice. Maybe he was even trying to convince himself that he was not prejudice, because in retrospect, I believe he was, even though he tried not to be. He was a very just and fair minded man but he still only knew what it was like to be white, just as his children and my children do now. Peggy McIntosh stated it very well for me when she said As a white person, I realized I had been taught about racism as something which puts others at a disadvantage, but had been taught not to see one of its corollary aspects, white privilege, which puts me at an advantage. (McIntosh) Years ago, I read Martin Luther Kings Letter From The Birmingham Jail. His statement, Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere struck me so greatly that I made a print and framed it. Dr. King had a beautiful concept of morality and I think his statement implies that when we devalue the humanity of another...

Modern Psychology essays

Modern Psychology essays "Jerry, Jerry, Jerry..." Everyday, this chant is heard by millions of people watching the now infamous "talk show", Jerry Springer. Even though just a few years ago, most people regarded these shows as ridiculous, now this chant is recognized and adored by many people in society. The most parsimonious explanation for this is that the shows now have more interesting and captivating topics. The premise of most episodes of these shows has changed greatly over the past few years; The topics have moved away from large scale social issues, like homosexuality and cancer, to relationship and familial issues, like adultery and mothers who are too flirtatious with their daughter's boyfriends. Many people would argue that the issues being presented now are not as interesting or captivating as the older issues. However, after watching an old episode and a new episode, most people agree that the emotions displayed by the guests in the newer shows are more visible, with actions such as onstag e yelling and fighting. The general emotional content of the episodes has changed from sadness to anger. From a psychological standpoint, there are many influences that cause extreme anger to be displayed by the guests on "talk shows". Imagine being a guest on the Jerry Springer show, as you walk onto the stage you see the large audience chanting those infamous words. You sit down next to your fiance not knowing what to expect, you are nervous and anxious. Finally, Jerry says those terrible words, "So, don't you have something to tell your fianc?" She turns to you, looks into your eyes and says, "Remember about a month ago when I disappeared at that party at your house? Well, that night your brother and me left the party early. I'm sorry, I have been sleeping with your brother for the past month." Suddenly, the anxiousness that you experienced is gone and replaced by anger, intense anger. You turn to Jerry as he asks you, "Wow, ...

Personal Statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 10

Personal Statement - Essay Example This happened because of a mistaken identity whereby I had been implicated of an offence on the basis of my brother in law resembling my husband. I desired to be in a capacity to defend my rights and those of others. I associated this experience with the difficulties that I had experienced in my childhood and all the people that might have experienced a lot of suffering because they lacked skills in criminal justice and could access effective representation to defend their rights. I have maintained my ambitions to accomplish my professional goals in criminal justice, with a strong desire to become an attorney. I have a strong conviction that needy people will get help from me and that I will be capable of helping the innocent to proof their innocence. I learned English with a bit of difficulty, but with my ambitious nature I succeeded and by my twelfth grade I could read and write in English. To augment my success, I gave in to my mentor’s advice to join a community college where I studied administration and psychology courses. I graduated in 1995 but I was determined to study further in spite of the family responsibilities that had emerged after my marriage. I enrolled for a bachelor of course name degree in Mexico and completed successfully. However, my desire to become an attorney compelled me to keep focused on emerging opportunities and to revitalize my professional ambitions that had withered due to circumstances. I have strong leadership skills as well as a high level of emotional intelligence that helps me to understand the feelings and beliefs of other people which, I believe will be significant for my legal studies. I am patient and always give people ample time to express their views. I have the capability to lead others to find practical solutions to issues affecting them, especially the natural challenges that are beyond human control. However, as Reichert (2006) observes, strengths go together with weaknesses. I believe that my performance

EVALUATION REPORT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

EVALUATION REPORT - Essay Example I arranged all the props that were necessary for my film. In my opinion, the location was satisfactory for this project. The worst thing with my film was the casting. I believe it is not only my fault. At first, my group members and I agreed to find only two actors for each one’s films. However, I was told one week before the filming that we have to look for them individually. I started searching quickly to find actors. In casting call pro, I sent emails to some professional actors but they were all busy. I then sent an email to an actress in Starnow Co., U.K. but she was a singer. I asked her if she knows any actor. She said she knows someone but the actor was a puppeteer. They agreed to be in my film. They went to the location but they were two hours late. It was difficult working with them because they were not real professional actors. I had to let them act in my film because they were in Salisbury and it was not going to cost too much. I know that casting is really import ant but in this project I failed to find the perfect cast. I can however say that all my group members were very supportive while we were filming. Sound I was the sound designer for Nathan Webber’s film. I cannot say I did it correctly because Nathan’s script was not ready until the filming day. I was only able to read the script on the filming day itself. I have a Sony and Warner Bros. CD sound effects library. I shared the CDs with them. In my film, Lara Hewitt was my sound designer. She did quite well while I was editing. She mixed sounds separately and we incorporated them in my film. We tried to mix them correctly and I think it turned out well. I used the boom in Lara’s film. I tried to use it correctly as we have seen in the workshop before the filming week. Cinematography Cinematography is my main interest and I believe it will be my specialization in the future. I really enjoyed being a cinematographer in Leanne Lewis’s film. Before we filmed it, I watched the Kodak tutorial DVD series on cinematography. I also read the book of Vittorio Storaro to understand the lighting theory. I tried to apply what I have seen for Leanne’s film. In her script, there was a hospital scene. To create a curtain shadow effect, I used blinds. I know it was not perfect but it was acceptable under studio circumstances. There were only two camera setups in her film and there were no difficult shots. I tried to do framing as Leanne told me. In my film, Leanne was my D.O.P and I believe she did well. Nathan also helped her. For sure, there were some wrong lighting setups. Directing As a director, it was so difficult for me to work with the actors whom I mentioned above. Moreover, it was my first film. It is even more difficult to talk about the shots. I think that only some of them were correct. I had to cross the line in one shot while the actress was sitting because of the fire exit behind her. Due to the nasty background, I decided to chan ge the shot. Even if I know that using zoom is not natural, I wanted to use the zoom shot to create some emotional effects. I would have preferred using the dolly rather than the zoom shots. Leanne was using the camera and I believe she did it naturally and so with her slow zoom shots. Scriptwriting I believe my idea was good enough for this project. However, because of the limited conditions of the location, I had to change the end of the story. I was told to use only one part of the cafe but it

Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 37

Case Study - Essay Example Just to keep employees on their feet, customer feedback cards are available in each store so that customers can contribute to helping the company to improve efficiency. Lastly, the company’s IT system has helped it to continue to stay one step ahead of its customers by providing products that they want before they know they do. All of these factors have helped to contribute towards Giordano’s competitive advantage in the marketplace by helping it stay ahead of the competition. 2) Giordano’s operations strategy is very consistent with its marketing strategy. The focus of Giordano’s marketing efforts is on two areas, high-quality service and low cost leadership, both of which Giordano are very successful at achieving. The test will come when Giordano is forced to move its marketing strategy away from low cost leadership to a combination of high quality products at considerable prices. If Giordano is able to adjust its operations strategy to take this new market positing into account, then the company has a very good chance of capturing a significant market share. 3) The biggest operations management challenge for Giordano as it expands into new territories is staying true to its principles. Although the company will need to adjust its marketing strategies based on the local culture, the focus still needs to be on excellent customer service along with high quality products. As of right now, Giordano does not allow its foreign subsidiaries to act independent of each other. Control is centralized in one region: Hong Kong. If Giordano is going to increase its market share in new markets, then it will need to rely more upon locals to increase performance and efficiency. There is nothing wrong with monitoring each foreign subsidiary from Hong Kong, but there needs to be some freedom given to subsidiaries so that they can become a force in their local market. 4) For Giordano’s operations strategy in the

Book Response Burned by Ellen Hopkins Essay Example for Free

Book Response Burned by Ellen Hopkins Essay Burned written by Ellen Hopkins Is a great novel, and worth the time to read. Burned is about a teen girl who was born and raised a Mormon; Pattyn Von Stratten she is like most teenagers growing up. Her family is extremely religious but in the same prospective her father is a drunk and very abusive. Pattyn is tired of living the fairytale of a Mormon lifestyle and ready to be energized with her own free spirit and way of life. Pattyn slowly starts to rebel against her family, school, church. While her father spends most of his time drunk; its left up to her mother to take care of the house hold and make sure everything is all in perfect running order to not upset Pattyn’s father. Pattyn begins rebelling even more so than she thought it would go. She gets suspended from school and gets sent to live with her aunt who she doesn’t even know. This is the beginning of it all the worst mistake her father could have made and where Pattyn makes decisions that are about to change her life completely. Pattyn soon falls in love with a boy names Ethan who she is bound to be attached to. Pattyn doesn’t see it but she is headed down the complete wrong path and when all she wanted is attention she’s going to get much more attention that she has intended to get. Ellen Hopkins is showing the themes of abuse and dysfunctional relationship, Pattyn’s father is an abusive drunk. I also think Hopkins is showing the theme of growing up and finding your destiny and who you are, when Pattyn is sent to live with her aunt in Nevada and basically create a whole new agenda for herself. Along with dysfunctional relationship, she’s displaying what love is like, too, when the character falls in love. I think she’s trying to prove that life doesn’t always go as planned and you have to work yourself around the problems that you find in life, and bad decision could change your life forever. I believe the main purpose of the novel is to reach out to teens. Ellen Hopkins expresses many different themes in her novel but one main theme I believe is im portant is physiological. Pattyn goes through many different stages of growing up and expressing her true self. She becomes more social with guys and becomes more of a social butterfly then the Mormon nerd she used to be. Pattyn lashes out and rebels against her family and church in many different ways. When Pattyn is set to live with her aunt she meets a boy and which she ends up in a relationship. Pattyn starts growing up and learning more about her sexual self and starts dreaming about all the what if’s. Pattyn starts to experiment with her new boyfriend Ethan and when she goes back home she shares the secret to her family that she is pregnant. Attempting to escape her fathers wrath, Pattyn and Ethan take off for California, unaware that Trevor, a perfect Mormon child who loved Pattyn, has written down the cars license plate number. When her father finds out, he calls his Highway patrolman friend to track them down, to find them on an icy road. Ethan speeds up in attempt to lose the patrolman, but loses control of his car and crashes. Pattyn wakes up in the hospital, to find out that both Ethan and their baby are dead. Her father disowns her, unable to bear the recent events. Pattyn is left with a life changing decision in the end; shoot and kill all those who caused her pain and Ethan and their babys deaths, or move on? Pattyn states that if her father would just say he loved her she would spare him. Ellen Hopkins is an amazing author and has a unbelievable way of relating to teens. Burned is just one of her fabulous novels all having a great meaning to the lives of teens. If I was asked if I would recommend Ellen Hopkins novels I would say she has a great way of reach out to teens in her books and educating them in a non-boring way and I enjoy reading and looking forward to any novel she creates.

Otosclerosis :: Research Hearing Essays

Otosclerosis Hearing serves a very important function in our lives. Much of the time, it is taken for granted. We tend not to appreciate it, until it starts to fail. There are many disorders that can cause a difficulty in hearing and hearing loss. One such disorder is otosclerosis. This disorder deserves a significant amount of research. Not only because we are dependent on our sense of hearing, but because its effects are far reaching. So much so, that it is hard to comprehend how we could ever live without it. It has even been said that Beethoven had otosclerosis. Toward the end of his career, he could not even hear his own music (Goldstein, 1999). Its effects are devastating and are well worth studying. Otosclerosis is a middle-ear disorder. The hearing loss is usually conductive, affecting the bones in the middle ear that conduct sound to the inner ear. This conductive hearing loss is caused by the growth of a spongy bone-like tissue that prevents the ossicles (bones of the middle ear) from moving well. One of the first signs is a small growth of the tissue in the middle ear. This is often in front of the oval window, which separates the middle ear from the inner ear. This can begin in early childhood or adolescence. The tissue may grow rapidly and become hard. The bone tissue grows over the stapes ossicle attaching it to the oval window. At first, hearing loss occurs in the low frequencies. High frequencies are affected next, followed by the loss of hearing in the middle frequencies. Otosclerosis usually begins in one ear, but the other ear often develops it as well (Otosclerosis, 1998). There are different categories of otosclerosis. "Subclinical Otosclerosis" occurs when the tissue does not interfere with the ossicles. A person may have this form for many years and not know it. Another category is "Clinical Otosclerosis." This type can be present in the teen years, but not detected until the young adult years. It is rare for it to occur after the age of fifty. The last category of"Histologic Otosclerosis" occurs when the tissue is present, but it may or may not cause hearing loss. "Cochlear Otosclerosis" has been used to refer to sensorineural hearing loss. This is caused by abnormal blood flow to the middle ear, rather than growth of tissue (Otosclerosis, 1998). Otosclerosis is the most frequent cause of middle ear hearing loss.

The Oppression of Women and Their Movement Toward Individuality :: Essays Papers

The Oppression of Women and Their Movement Toward Individuality The theme of individual and society can be looked upon in many different manners. There is the concept of people separating themselves from society in order to become individuals and express their individuality. There is the concept of individuality and the consequences its expression may have. The situation exists in which individuality is limited by society. Each of these ways of looking at the theme of individuals and society is something that has affected women since the beginning of recorded time. Throughout history, women have been suppressed and undermined by those who claim superiority over them based solely on a difference in chromosomes, not a difference in intelligence, talent, or ability. These claims have been made based on ideas from Biblical representations of men and women to protecting women and ensuring their mental and physical well-being. Still, women formed a unity that had clear goals, valid supporters, and strong leaders that enabled them to overcome their oppressions. Many ideas of male superiority come from and began with the Bible. It can be noted that woman, in the second creation story in Genesis, is made from that which is man. It can also be noted that it is a woman who, in the Garden of Eden story in Genesis, initially commits the first act against God's wishes and therefore causes herself and her companion to be judged and punished. Throughout the Bible, women are rarely referred to by an actual proper name. Women are referred to as property, a mere woman in a world of men. Also in the Bible, women are presented to be focused entirely around the home and are property of men with the sole purpose of bearing children, as in the Abraham, Sarah, and Haggar cycle in Genesis in which the two women are property of Abraham, there only to provide him with an heir. However unfortunate, in the context and time it was written, this was the case. Still, today we cannot believe the Bible to be a guideline for the roles of women. Many ideas may be false concerning what has been inferred and what was actually written and its purpose. A closer reading of the text will prove that women played a vital role in many of the treasured beliefs of believers. Even without names, women had a voice and were a force to be reckoned with.

Psychology and Foot-in-the-door Tactic

1. Describe how differences between high vs. low self-monitoring could influence each of the five stages of information processing when a target is being presented with the foot-in-the-door tactic of interpersonal influence. That is, for each separate stage, analyze what might be different in the way high self monitors make sense of this sequential request technique in contrast to low self monitors. Each stage has differences between high and low self monitors; therefore focusing on each stage will allow the contrasts between the two.A high self monitor tends to read the social situation first and then present an appropriate face, as opposed to simply presenting a consistent image of self in every situation. A low self monitor behaves in accordance with an image of his â€Å"real† self. In the focusing stage, a high-self monitor is more than likely going to focus in detail and assess the situation more thoroughly than a low-self monitor.Thinking more thoroughly will help the f oot-in-the-door tactic because if it’s a well-thought out request a person is more than likely going to accept. The foot-in-the-door tactic is when a person agrees to a small request, which usually allows you to be better able to get them to agree to a later, larger request. In the storage stage, a high-self monitor is going to get in depth on the reasoning for why the situation is relevant and make more sense of the situation than a low-self monitor.By going in depth on the reasoning for why the situation is relevant and know why it makes sense, will help when using the foot-in-the-door tactic because you know exactly what you’re talking about which makes it easier for someone to believe you. During the integration and interference stage a high-self monitor is going to be able to assess the situation and assemble it in his/her mind whereas a low-self monitor might not be able to do that because they don’t like change at all.Drawing inferences and thinking of th ings that usually aren’t thought of might be hard for a low-self monitor because they tend to be single minded and stubborn on their opinions and thoughts. Using the foot-in-the-door tactic is going to be easier for a high-self monitor to use since a low-self monitor doesn’t have the will to change or think differently about certain things, which is going to make it harder to get someone else to agree with you if you’re stubborn and single minded.For the selection stage, it is going to be easier for a low-self monitor to label things because a high-self monitor is going to be worried about what other people are going to think about his/her labeling. A low-self monitor can’t put on different â€Å"faces†, or social identities, for different situations; they’re opinion is always their opinion and no one is going to change that, which might be hard when using the foot-in-the-door tactic.If someone doesn’t agree with you then they arenâ⠂¬â„¢t going to accept your request. Finally for the implementation stage, a high-self monitor is going be able to act upon it and relate the situation to other things easier than a low-self monitor because a high-self monitor is highly sensitive to external cues and can act differently in different situations, which will help when trying to figure out how something relates to other things.By using the foot-in-the-door tactic, a high-self monitor is going to be better at getting someone to accept their response because there are more flexible in adapting their leadership styles to changing situations; which is going to be useful when figuring out how to response or how to use things during this stage. 2. What role is played by self-schema in managing each of the interpersonal objectives when someone is dealing with the various stages of romantic relational dissolution (e. g. , trial rejuvenation)?That is, when a romance is â€Å"falling apart,† describe the relationship betwe en partners’ self concepts and their balancing of the separate â€Å"issues† they must simultaneously address when influencing and interacting with one another. Imagine you and your partner have created a separate identity; bigger then either one of you and full of each of you. Together you have created a â€Å"relational† schema. A living, breathing entity owned by both parties until the dissolution of your romantic relationship begins, occurs, and concludes. What happens when ours turns into mine?When we’re becomes I’m? Maybe a girl looks around at lunch and sees a cute guy and starts to imagine how things might be if they were in a romantic relationship. The possibility of the unknown versus what she already knows. Her boyfriend has no idea that water has just been added to his romantic relational gas tank. Breakups are never easy. Usually less then ten percent of college romantic relationships break up on mutual terms. So, typically, it is one person, usually the female, taking the lead, creating â€Å"the influenced† and the â€Å"influencer†.When the influencer, in this case lets say her name is Debra, changes her objective, the influenced, lets call him Bronson, has no choice but to be influenced. No one can change another person’s goals or objectives without influence and since we know Bronson is the influenced his are being altered by the dissolution of their romantic relationship. When two partners begin to remind each other that they are separate individuals and they have other concerns besides their relationship (differentiating); that is the beginning of the end.While an individual remembers that they have other goals that require other objectives, his or her self-schema is also changing. Differentiating will not only begin the dissolution process but will begin the initial steps of re-adaptation, for each individual, of self-schema. Throughout the dissolution of the relationship self-schema for each individual will be a product of the perception of the relationship, a sense of social sensitivity, and the objectives set to achieve each individuals overall goals. Self-schema, once realized and owned, will lead to new objectives.It will also be evolving constantly while the relationship continues to move toward a more self-schema based relationship as opposed to a relational schema, as defined in the book. Relational objectives change as the relationship deteriorates and ones self-schema will lead the way through the relational objective challenges because once an individual has a self-schema his objectives change. Each individual will perceive the relationship in his or her own way and without self-disclosure, circumscribing begins (usually in one partner).Social sensitivity in the dissolution of a romantic relationship is widely publicized in mass media, so much so that it’s almost a script now. Once communication has been restricted in circumscribing, stagnation sets in quickly. During stagnation there is less physical time spent together there might be room and cause to try for a hail marry. This might be a good place for the last chance effort to save the relationship by taking part in a trial rejuvenation. Maybe a weekend alone to get back to what’s important or just some along time to even out their relational keel is needed.But if the trials rejuvenation comes up short and leaves both parties with a sour taste in their mouths then each persons self-schema becomes more defined and more important to each individual then the relational schema. Following the self-schemas strength relational objectives change and the identity objectives start to become clearer. These changes in self-schema and objectives lead to avoidance. Avoidance is probably the most difficult step in the dissolution of the relationship. Initial discussions about breaking up are dealt with simultaneously as being interested in others.Individuals go out of their w ay to limit the amount of face-to-face interactions. The pain is too much for people to stand. Self-schema is â€Å"holding strong† but this is the most vulnerable point in ones self-schema. Both relational and instrumental objectives follow suit with self-schema but the identity objectives help to encourage the individual toward the final resolution. The final dissolution of the romantic relationship, that is not a physical or psychological departure, is termination.It usually consists of talk that prepares each individual for the end, otherwise known as the â€Å"grave-dressing phase†. Self-schema has developed into a â€Å"single† idea of self and the objectives an individual once held in such high regard while in a relationship are no longer in place. Relational objectives are more centered on family and friends and the time spent with each. Although there is no way to tell how long it will take to develop a pure self-schema that will not include a former pa rtner we do know when the process began†¦ the process began when â€Å"ours became mine†. . To what extent does a student’s level of psychological reactance to a professor’s attempt to change their behavior depend on (a) the student’s perceptions of the professor’s level of interpersonal power and (b) whether the student has a relatively high- or relatively low-level of cognitive complexity in the interpersonal domain? That is, how much does this type of mental reaction depend on both the social power of the agent as well as the social experience of the target?The psychological reactance to a professor’s attempt to change a student’s behavior depends greatly on the cognitive complexity of the student and interpersonal power of the professor. However, there will always be some degree of psychological reactance during the first class sessions. When the students and professors meet to create the learning environment they share certa in expectations like the fact that teacher is the agent and the students are the targets. The standards of the environment vary greatly from student to student and the instructor.However, students can expect to have instructor expectations laid out in the syllabus, home/class work, and tests. A professor can expect to have teaching skills, grading capabilities, and office time to provide to his students. The level of success the professor has depends on how much power he is perceived to have by the student. There are various powers that the professor could use to try to influence the student. The professor holds reward power in the form of grades. Coercive power can be used by the professor who gives pop quizzes, inspiring fear among his students.A professor has expert power in the form of knowledge, that’s why they are teaching and not the students. Referent power can be used through physical attractiveness. Finally, a professor can use legitimate power because he is a repre sentative of the establishment. We believe the most successful powers a professor can use to influence a behavior change in a student are legitimate, expert and reward power. Reward power in the form of grades is something tangible the student has to have in order to graduate. If the student has to change their behavior to achieve the grade, it will happen.Expert power in the form of knowledge shared is what we pay to have access to as students. Why would a student pay thousands of dollars to go to college if they aren’t going to listen and learn from the professors? Legitimate power plays along the same lines as expert power. The university has given this professor power over the student, trusting the professor to teach the student enough to have an understanding of the subject. The relationship can be altered at any time throughout the course by either party in how they interpersonally communicate with each other.For example, if a student has only one class and lots of time to complete work or discuss things with the professor, they may perceive the professors course as beneficial and would have little psychological reactance towards the instructor. On the flip side, if a student has multiple classes and little time to discuss things with the professor, they may perceive the class as pointless and may have more intense psychological reactance towards the instructor. However, the ideal outcomes of this shared learning experience re often diminished by the fact that either party’s expected standards are not always met in real life due to other circumstances. Therefore, a student’s level of psychological reaction has as much to do with their cognitive complexity as it does with the professor’s interpersonal power. For things to be ideal there must be a balance or mutual understanding between student and professor. Now a student with a relatively high level of cognitive complexity will be able to examine the situation and think of dif ferent possibilities.While a student probably won’t think of the situation in theory form, they would think of it from the past experiences viewpoint. A high cognitive complexity student can use what they have learned in the past from similar experiences to decide how to react to the professor trying to change their behavior. Now this says nothing about the social power of the professor. A professor would have more experience than the student, but not necessarily in the form of attempting to change the behavior.This is where things such as the reputation of the professor comes in, as well as impressions the student has formed of the professor. A low cognitive complexity student though, won’t think about the situation as much. They would probably remember a time or two from the past, but that’s about it. The student will most likely ‘go with the flow’ and either fall in with the professor’s wishes or be stubborn. If the professor has a strong sense of social power though, the student will probably fall in with his plan to change the behavior.The easier path is what will be more likely chosen by someone of low cognitive complexity because it is easier for such a person to follow the crowd then to decide what to do based on past experiences. This also means there will be less psychological reactance to the professor and what the professor is trying to encourage in the student’s behavior. Some students just expect to be let down or accept the fact they can’t change anything. The system and/or the teaching methods used are insufficient to meet the learning goals of the student.They know there are rules and they know they are the student, but being in that subordinate position is counter-productive to their lifestyles/goals (even though it’s socially expected to â€Å"move on with life†) and they may have increased psychological reactance towards the professor regardless of any circumstances. In su ch instances, reverse psychology can sometimes be a tool of influence. However, reverse psychology will work better for a low cognitive student compared to a high cognitive student.